Hair Loss
Hair Loss in Bovine Hypoparathyroidism
05/28/13
Hair Loss in Bovine Hypoparathyroidism
Vet Dermatol. 2013 May 24. doi: 10.1111/vde.12036. [Epub ahead of print]
Progressive alopecia associated with hypoparathyroidism in a Jersey heifer.
Villarroel A, et al
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Chronic progressive generalized alopecia in dairy cattle has been anecdotally discussed in veterinary forums.
OBJECTIVE:
To describe subclinical changes in an otherwise apparently healthy animal with chronic progressive generalized alopecia.
ANIMALS:
One 10-month-old Jersey heifer.
METHODS:
Case report.
RESULTS:
A heifer was presented for chronic progressive alopecia (hair loss). The skin was hyperpigmented and very thin (2.4 ± 0.0 mm, compared with 8.1 ± 0.3 mm measured in four contemporaneous Jersey heifers). Histopathological examination of the skin revealed severe epidermal hyperplasia, orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and diffuse follicular atrophy. Clinicopathological changes included hypocalcaemia that did not respond to calcium therapy. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was not detected, compared with 1.38 ± 0.78 pmol/L in four contemporaneous Jersey heifers. A diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism was made based on hypocalcaemia and low PTH in the presence of normal magnesium levels. The heifer was otherwise healthy and was allowed to continue normal life. A spontaneous abortion occurred at 5.5 months of pregnancy and this was likely due to the presence of twin fetuses. Despite targeted therapy of the ensuing retained placenta, the heifer declined in health and had to be euthanized. From the time of diagnosis with hypoparathyroidism until euthanasia (29 months of age), blood levels of calcium, phosphorus and PTH were regularly monitored. Calcium and phosphorus levels varied widely. Serum PTH was consistently undetectable. At postmortem examination, the parathyroid glands could not be located.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:
To our knowledge, this is the first report of naturally occurring hypoparathyroidism in cattle and with a clinical presentation of hair loss.
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- Cormorbid conditions in Alopecia Areata
JAMA Dermatol. 2013 May 22:1-5. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.3049. [Epub ahead of print]
Autoimmune, Atopic, and Mental Health Comorbid Conditions Associated With Alopecia Areata in the United States.
Huang KP, Mullangi S, Guo Y, Qureshi AA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of comorbid conditions among patients with alopecia areata (AA) seen at tertiary care hospitals in Boston, Massachusetts, during an 11-year period. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Tertiary care hospitals in Boston, including Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. PARTICIPANTS We identified 3568 individuals with AA seen in the Partners health care system in Boston between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2011. We performed comprehensive searches of the Research Patient Data Repository using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 704.01. We randomly selected 350 patients and manually reviewed their medical records to train and validate a novel artificial intelligence program. This program then used natural language processing to review free-text medical records and confirm a diagnosis of AA. To confirm the algorithm, we manually reviewed a subset of records and found 93.9% validity. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The prevalence of comorbid conditions was assessed. RESULTS Common comorbid conditions included autoimmune diagnoses (thyroid disease in 14.6%, diabetes mellitus in 11.1%, inflammatory bowel disease in 6.3%, systemic lupus erythematosus in 4.3%, rheumatoid arthritis in 3.9%, and psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in 2.0%), atopy (allergic rhinitis, asthma, and/or eczema in 38.2% and contact dermatitis and other eczema in 35.9%), and mental health problems (depression or anxiety in 25.5%). We also found high prevalences of hyperlipidemia (24.5%), hypertension (21.9%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (17.3%). This profile was different from that seen in a comparison psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis group. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE We found a high prevalence of comorbid conditions among individuals with AA presenting to academic medical centers in Boston. Physicians caring for patients with AA should consider screening for comorbid conditions.
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- Hair-raising. The latest news on male-pattern baldness.
Adv Nurse Pract. 1999 Apr;7(4):39-42, 83. Hair-raising. The latest news on male-pattern baldness.
Proctor PH.The initiating event in balding seems to be an abnormal sensitivity to the male sex hormones. In addition, a multifactorial model is emerging in which hormones affect the hair follicle in a way that causes it to be perceived as a foreign body by the immune system, which then mounts an attack. Several new classes of agents have the potential to treat hair loss. More than 40 U.S. and several hundred foreign patents have been issued for hair-loss treatment agents. As is common in dermatology, no single agent works universally against hair loss, so the treatment process is often one of trial and error.
This is a paper by Dr. Proctor
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