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Hair Loss Treatment at the Proctor Clinic.

Arch Dermatol Res. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]

Development and characterization of phyto-vesicles of â-sitosterol for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Upadhyay K, et al

Abstract

Alopecia or hair loss is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss, which affects millions of men and women worldwide, and is an androgen driven disorder. To study the effect of â-sitosterol phyto-vesicles on AGA, the testosterone-induced alopecia model was used. For the study, the albino rats were used and the period of study was 21 days. â-Sitosterol is a phytosterol which is chemically similar to cholesterol. This compound was found suitable for the preparation of phyto-vesicles by the process involving its complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Pharmacokinetic studies of â-sitosterol reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance the bioavailability of â-sitosterol by its complexation with phosphatidyl choline and then to formulate it as phyto-vesicles for the treatment of hair loss. The complex of â-sitosterol was prepared with phosphatidyl choline and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. This complex was then formulated as phyto-vesicles and then characterized. The results revealed that effect on alopecia is better in case of phyto-vesicles as compared to the complex, physical mixture and the â-sitosterol itself. Enhanced bioavailability of the â-sitosterol complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the compound. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of phyto-vesicles over the complex and â-sitosterol, in terms of better absorption and improved activity for the treatment of hair loss.

Arch Dermatol Res. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print]

Development and characterization of phyto-vesicles of â-sitosterol for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Upadhyay K, et al

Abstract

Alopecia or hair loss is a psychologically distressing phenomenon. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss, which affects millions of men and women worldwide, and is an androgen driven disorder. To study the effect of â-sitosterol phyto-vesicles on AGA, the testosterone-induced alopecia model was used. For the study, the albino rats were used and the period of study was 21 days. â-Sitosterol is a phytosterol which is chemically similar to cholesterol. This compound was found suitable for the preparation of phyto-vesicles by the process involving its complexation with phosphatidyl choline. Pharmacokinetic studies of â-sitosterol reveal its poor absorption through the intestine. The objective of the present study is to enhance the bioavailability of â-sitosterol by its complexation with phosphatidyl choline and then to formulate it as phyto-vesicles for the treatment of hair loss. The complex of â-sitosterol was prepared with phosphatidyl choline and characterized on the basis of solubility, melting point, TLC, UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy. This complex was then formulated as phyto-vesicles and then characterized. The results revealed that effect on alopecia is better in case of phyto-vesicles as compared to the complex, physical mixture and the â-sitosterol itself. Enhanced bioavailability of the â-sitosterol complex may be due to the amphiphilic nature of the complex, which greatly enhance the water and lipid solubility of the compound. The present study clearly indicates the superiority of phyto-vesicles over the complex and â-sitosterol, in terms of better absorption and improved activity for the treatment of hair loss.

Hair Loss Treatment at the Proctor Clinic

Ann Dermatol. 2011 Nov;23(4):455-62. Epub 2011 Nov 3.

Hair shaft damage from heat and drying time of hair dryer.

Lee Y,et al

Source

Department of Dermatology and Institute of Hair and Cosmetic Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Hair dryers are commonly used and can cause hair damage such as roughness, dryness and loss of hair color. It is important to understand the best way to dry hair without causing damage.

OBJECTIVE:

The study assessed changes in the ultra-structure, morphology, moisture content, and color of hair after repeated shampooing and drying with a hair dryer at a range of temperatures.

METHODS:

A standardized drying time was used to completely dry each hair tress, and each tress was treated a total of 30 times. Air flow was set on the hair dryer. The tresses were divided into the following five test groups: (a) no treatment, (b) drying without using a hair dryer (room temperature, 20ž), (c) drying with a hair dryer for 60 seconds at a distance of 15 cm (47ž), (d) drying with a hair dryer for 30 seconds at a distance of 10 cm (61ž), (e) drying with a hair dryer for 15 seconds at a distance of 5 cm (95ž). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and lipid TEM were performed. Water content was analyzed by a halogen moisture analyzer and hair color was measured with a spectrophotometer.

RESULTS:

Hair surfaces tended to become more damaged as the temperature increased. No cortex damage was ever noted, suggesting that the surface of hair might play a role as a barrier to prevent cortex damage. Cell membrane complex was damaged only in the naturally dried group without hair dryer. Moisture content decreased in all treated groups compared to the untreated control group. However, the differences in moisture content among the groups were not statistically significant. Drying under the ambient and 95ž conditions appeared to change hair color, especially into lightness, after just 10 treatments.

CONCLUSION:

Although using a hair dryer causes more surface damage than natural drying, using a hair dryer at a distance of 15 cm with continuous motion causes less damage than drying hair naturally

Am J Clin Dermatol. 2011 Sep 6;12 Suppl 1:13-9. doi: 10.2165/1153875-S0-000000000-00000.

Ethinylestradiol/Chlormadinone acetate for use in dermatological disorders.

Gómez Vázquez M,et al

Edited for hair loss blog

Abstract

The diagnosis and management of four cases of dermatological disorders, most of which are related to the endocrine disorder of androgen excess, are presented. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) may be useful when well-tolerated hormonal therapy and/or when contraception is required. A female patient with androgenetic alopecia or female pattern balding, without underlying hyperandrogenism, was treated with ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate (EE/CMA) 0.03 mg/2 mg for 6 months and experienced stabilization of pattern hair loss (case report 1). A patient who had previously received a COC for an irregular menstrual pattern but again experienced irregular menses and also acne after stopping treatment was diagnosed with acne associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [case report 2]. After 6 month's treatment with EE/CMA 0.03 mg/2 mg, this patient had fewer acne lesions and became eumenorrheic. A third patient who had excess hair since childhood was diagnosed with idiopathic hirsutism (no underlying gynecological or endocrinological disorder was found) and was treated with EE/CMA 0.03 mg/2 mg (case report 3). Less hair growth was reported after 6 months' treatment. Case report 4 describes a patient who presented with oligomenorrhea and acne. She was diagnosed with PCOS with acne, seborrhea and mild hirsutism. Treatment with EE/CMA 0.03 mg/2 mg for 6 months resulted in improvements in her facial acne, seborrhea and hirsutism; she also became eumenorrheic. These four cases illustrate that EE/CMA may be a useful and well tolerated treatment option in the management of patients with dermatological disorders with or without hyperandrogenization.

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Rev Med Liege. 2010;65(5-6):413-9.

[Diagnostic defects and treatment set-backs in hair disorders]
[Article in French]

Piérard-Franchimont C, Quatresooz P, Piérard GE.

CHU du Sart Tilman et Sauvenière, Service de Dermatopathologie, Belgique.

Abstract
Hair loss, also called hair effluvium is often considered as an ancillary complaint. However, this situation is quite common in both genders. It is part of numerous clinical presentations in internal medicine and dermatology. Obviously, any correlation between a biologic abnormality and hair loss does not prove a relationship of causality. In absence of pathogenic diagnosis and causality criteria, chances are low to control adequately hair effluvium by a treatment given by the whims of fate. In addition, the risk and frequency of therapeutic inertia are increased. When the hair loss is not controlled and/or compensated by growth of new hairs, several types of alopecia inexorably develop.

modified for hair loss treatment blog

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66:756-63.

N-acetylcysteine, a glutamate modulator, in the treatment of trichotillomania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Grant JE,et al

CONTEXT: Trichotillomania is characterized by repetitive hair pulling that causes noticeable hair loss.. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of N-acetylcysteine in adults with trichotillomania. DESIGN: Twelve-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Ambulatory care center. PATIENTS: Fifty individuals with trichotillomania INTERVENTIONS: N-acetylcysteine (dosing range, 1200-2400 mg/d) or placebo was administered for 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients were assessed using the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale, the Clinical Global Impression scale, the Psychiatric Institute Trichotillomania Scale, and measures of depression, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning...snip... RESULTS: Patients assigned to receive N-acetylcysteine had significantly greater reductions in hair-pulling symptoms as measured using the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale and the Psychiatric Institute Trichotillomania Scale. Fifty-six percent of patients "much or very much improved" with N-acetylcysteine use compared with 16% taking placebo. Significant improvement was initially noted after 9 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study, the first to our knowledge that examines the efficacy of a glutamatergic agent in the treatment of trichotillomania, found that N-acetylcysteine demonstrated statistically significant reductions in trichotillomania symptoms.

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ACETYLCYSTEINE - HSDB

Treatment of Hair Loss at the Proctor Clinic.

Hair Loss Treatment at the Proctor Clinic. Regrowth of hair using our special formulations

J Invest Dermatol.1985;83:118

Distribution of epidermal growth factor receptors in rat tissues during embryonic skin development, hair formation, and the adult hair regrowth cycle.

Green MR, and Couchman JR.

In a previous study a close positive correlation was found between epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor tissue distribution and areas of potential epithelial cell proliferation. We now report on the binding distribution of EGF, representing the tissue localization of available EGF receptors, during embryonic rat skin development including hair follicle formation and the adult hair growth cycle....snip...Between 17 and 20 days embryonic development, available receptors for EGF are consistently absent from epidermal basal cells overlaying the dermal condensates marking the first stage of hair follicle development. This restricted and temporary loss of EGF receptors above these specialized mesenchymal condensates implies a role for the EGF receptor and possibly EGF or an EGF-like ligand in stimulating the epithelial downgrowth required for hair follicle development. In the anagen hair bulb, receptors for EGF are detected over the outer root sheath and the epithelial cell layers at the base of the follicle and show a correlation with the areas of epithelial proliferation in the hair bulb. During the catagen and telogen phases of the hair cycle, receptors are observed in high numbers on all the undifferentiated or dedifferentiating cells of the degenerating epithelial strand and secondary hair germ. Dermal cells are, in general, less heavily labeled than the basal epithelial cells of skin except for the developing striated muscle (panniculus carnosus) in embryonic skin which is more heavily labeled. The data are discussed in terms of a possible role for the EGF receptor and associated EGF or EGF-like ligands in specific areas of epithelial tissue morphogenesis during embryonic skin maturation, hair follicle development, and hair cycling.

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Hair loss and hair loss treatment

Androgens play a pivotal role in the growth of pubic and axillary hair. Androgens stimulate growth of beard hair, whereas in the scalp, androgens inhibit hair regrowth. Clinical studies by James B. Hamilton in the early 1940's suggested that the balding process is promoted by androgens in genetically predisposed men, referred to as androgenetic alopecia or male pattern hair loss. The androgen acting in the scalp to promote the balding process was not known at the time. It was not until the 1960's when it was discovered that testosterone is converted to the more bioactive androgen dihydrotestosterone by the microsomal, NADPH-dependent enzyme steroid 5alpha-reductase in peripheral androgen-responsive tissues such as the prostate and skin [4]. Two genes encoding two isoenzymes of steroid 5alpha-reductase exist, designated type 1 and type 2 [5, 6]. The type 1 isoenzyme is the major 5alpha-reductase in skin, has a neutral pH optimum and a low affinity for testosterone. Steroid 5alpha-reductase type 2, on the other hand, is the major isoenzyme in the prostate, has an acidic pH optimum and a high affinity for testosterone. The notion that DHT, and not testosterone, is the androgen responsible for benign prostate hyperplasia and male pattern hair loss stems from the observation that men with steroid 5-alpha-reductase 2 deficiency present with a hypoplastic prostate and do not develop male pattern baldness . Consequently, the 5 alpha-reductase type 2 isoenzyme-specific inhibitor finasteride has proven efficacious in promoting hair regrowth as a consequence of lowering scalp and plasma DHT levels, and in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia by lowering prostatic DHT.

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A history of Redox signaling.

Redox cell signaling is an important process in hair loss and in hair loss treatment agents.